Knock-down of axin in “eyeful” flies, which have high incidence of eye tumor formation, resulted in an increased frequency (79%) of eyes showing tumor formation and increased frequency (14%) of flies showing metastasis, compared to eyeful flies expressing a negative control RNAi (white gene) that showed only 42% of eyes with tumor formation and 8% of flies with metastases (Fig. 4D and 4F). Here, AXIN1 is linked to eye neoplasm.