The 18 “key genes” that were used most commonly in the candidate rules exert stimulatory, inhibitory, and/or regulatory effects in 7 broad pathways8 that commonly are dysregulated in cancer (available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene; [accessed October 10, 2011]) and were as follows: signal transduction (AKT1, ARAF, CD82, ITGB1, MAPK14, PTK2), gene regulation (ETV6, H3F3B, MAX,NFKB1, BMI1), invasion (ARHGDIB, MMP2), cell growth regulation (FGFR4, RPS10), angiogenesis (VEGFA), apoptosis (DIABLO), and antioxidation (HMOX1). This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and cancer.