At day 6 after infection, a time point when relatively similar amounts of infectious virus was detected in several regions of the brain of wild type and Ifit1−/− mice (see Figure 3), we observed markedly increased numbers of TUNEL-positive neurons in the cerebral cortex (Figure 6C, and 6D: i versus 6D: v, P = 0.02) and hippocampus (Figure 6C, and 6D: ii versus 6D: vi, P = 0.04) of Ifit1−/− mice, although this pattern was not seen in the brain stem (Figure 6C, and 6D: iii versus 6D: vii) or cerebellum (Figure 6C, and 6D: iv versus 6D: viii). This evidence concerns the gene IFIT1 and infection.