Caution is especially indicated given the relatively small number of women with CAC score > 0 in the current study (n = 93 overall, and n = 15 in the 2nd RBP4 quartile, the quartile which appeared to have a lower CAC prevalence), and the null association with CIMT, an alternative measure of atherosclerosis. This evidence concerns the gene RBP4 and atherosclerosis.