In our present hospital-based case–control study, we tested eight vitamin D metabolism-related polymorphisms focusing on the VDBP gene (rs1155563 and rs7041) and the genes coding for CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 (rs4646536 and rs927650) for their association with melanoma risk and melanoma prognosis. Here, CYP27B1 is linked to melanoma.