BRAF and melanoma: Among the investigated melanoma cell lines, three display constitutive activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway through activating V600E BRAF mutation or NRAS mutations: Colo-679 (BRAF V600E mut; Nras wt), IGR-39 (BRAF V600E mut; Nras wt), IPC298 (Braf wt; Nras Q61K mut) [33]–[35].