HiAnx mice, phenotyped on the basis of their behavior in the LDA (but not the EPM), showed higher VEGF concentrations in skin lesions (diameter < 2 mm) that represent a transition from focal epidermal hyperplasia to true papilloma and are part of the spectrum of lesions leading ultimately to SCC [54], [55] (HiAnx  =  76.0 ± 16.7 pg/ml, LoAnx  =  45.1 ± 10.1 pg/ml, t-test p < 0.09, effect size  =  0.6). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and papilloma.