As MEK-1 and SHC-1, KGB-1’s activator and its scaffold protein, respectively, were previously shown to be required in the epidermis for their contribution to cadmium resistance (Mizuno et al., 2008) and as our data showed kgb-1-dependent regulation of DAF-16 prominently in intestinal cells, it is possible that KGB-1 contributes to cadmium resistance in a daf-16-independent manner in the epidermis, whereas its detrimental effects on infection resistance and lifespan depend on DAF-16 modulation in intestinal cells. This evidence concerns the gene MAP2K1 and infection.