DNase I knockout mice develop antinuclear antibody-positive SLE-like symptoms through this same mechanism [29], and the intracellular DNA receptors in DNase III knock-out mice are activated by the accumulation of extranuclear DNA, which results in the onset of lethal inflammatory myocarditis associated with massive IFN induction [30]. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.