Nonfunctional (i.e., anergic) antigen-specific CD8 T cells were also observed in the context of SIV [87], HIV [88], hepatitis B virus (HBV) [89], HCV [90, 91], and human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV1) [92] virus infection as well as in patients with persistent tumors [93]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is viral infectious disease.