Evidence for a role of IFNα and IFNβ in the induction of IFN response activity in RA was provided by Mavragani and colleagues [33] who demonstrated the concomitant presence of IFN bioactivity, which could be inhibited by neutralizing antibodies against IFNα and IFNβ, in the serum of RA patients. The gene discussed is IFNB1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.