In addition to stem and progenitor cells, we investigated other cell populations that are known to be present in glioma and the tumor niche, such as astrocytes (identified by glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) and pericytes that line the blood vessels (smooth muscle actin, SMA), and we assessed cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is central nervous system cancer.