By comparison of normal and tumor expression of RBM5 mRNA and protein at a ratio of 2.0 as a cutoff point we found that expression of RBM5 mRNA and protein was significantly reduced in NSCLC vs. the non-tumor tissues (P = 0.037 and P = 0.03, respectively). The gene discussed is RBM5; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.