We found that pleural fluid obtained from patients suffering from recurrent malignant pleural effusion had elevated IL-8 levels (4.52 ng/mL ± 4.4) compared to the pleural fluid obtained from noncancer patients suffering from nonmalignant, noninfectious pleural effusion (0.2 ng/mL ± 0.4) (P < 0.05) (Figure 1). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Pleural effusion.