Additionally, the invasion, migration, angiogenesis and chemotaxis potential of tumour buds and stem cell-like character has been shown in several studies that analysed markers such as uPAR, matrilysin, CD44, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, MMP-7 and MMP-9, β(III)-tubulin and CXCL12 (Zlobec and Lugli, 2010; Figure 2). The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is neoplasm.