Most importantly, we and others have shown that when rats were preimmunized with myelin basic protein (MBP) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced, injection of immunoglobulins collected from patients with NMO can induce strikingly similar pathological features to NMO in the recipient rats [3–5]. The gene discussed is MBP; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.