Hence, we propose five distinct mechanisms that support the specific targeting of MDR cells via photodestruction of EVs and lysosomes as a pharmacologically lethal Trojan horse approach: First, ABCG2-rich EVs are present solely in MDR cells but not in non-MDR cancer cells (e.g. MCF-7 cells) or in normal cells from healthy tissues (e.g. MCF-10A). This evidence concerns the gene ABCG2 and cancer.