Striking evidence of this polymorphism's role in leprosy was established when an extensive and unbiased genome-wide array of 2092 genes in 1500 individuals identified TLR1 602S (OR = 0.31, P < 0.001) as one of two alleles that afforded the greatest protection against leprosy, the other being the MHCII allele HLA-DRB1/DQA1 (OR = 0.43, P < 0.001) [41]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR1 and leprosy.