Additionally, it was shown that cADPR is a mediator of the sustained phase of the angiotensin II-induced rise in intracellular Ca2+ and angiotensin II-stimulated hypertrophy of rat cardiomyocytes (Gul et al. 2008) and that 4,4′-dihydroxyazobenzene, an inhibitor of cellular cADPR formation, can block angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo in a two-kidney one-clip rat model (Gul et al. 2009). Here, AGT is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.