The relative quantification of the IL-10 and TNFa mRNA revealed statistically significant downregulation of IL-10 mRNA and upregulation of TNFa mRNA in PHTS patients when compared with healthy controls (Figure 3a) (unpaired two-tailed t test, confident intervals 99%: pIL-10 = 0,0001; pTNF = 0,0001). The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome.