As expected, quantification of cMYC, CCND1, and COX2 messengers, conducted on RNA extracted from peripheral blood cells of the three PHTS patients and healthy subjects, revealed an mRNA overexpression of all these genes in the patients when compared with the healthy subjects - with the exception of patient PHTS3, who expresses a normal level of cMYC RNA (Figure 2b) (unpaired two-tailed t test, confident intervals 99%: pcMYC = 0,0001; pCCND1 = 0,0001; pCOX2 = 0,0001). This evidence concerns the gene CCND1 and PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome.