DHTKD1 and neoplasm: In addition, our data show that Ad.DD3.D55-PTEN, in which E1A expression is under the control of the DD3 promoter and WPRE, exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of androgen-dependent as well as androgen-independent cell lines, including CL1, DU145 and 22RV1 in cell culture and CL1 tumor growth in a xenograft nude mouse.