In the setting of obesity, the ability of the adipose tissue to produce antiinflammatory mediators such as adiponectin decreases, whereas proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and acute phase reactants, and other innate immune mediators increase [53], [54], [55]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.