This type of anaemia is termed iron-refractory iron-deficiency anaemia (IRIDA) and is an autosomal-recessive disorder, characterized by (i) congenital, hypochromic, microcytic anaemia; (ii) very low mean corpuscular volume (MCV); (iii) low serum iron and low transferrin saturation; (iv) normal ferritin or ferritin levels in the lower limits of normal; (v) no response to oral iron treatment; and (vi) inappropriately high levels of hepcidin [2], [3]. This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and IRIDA syndrome.