Beta cell destruction in T1DM is believed to progress in a linear fashion from the first appearance of autoantibodies until complete elimination of β cells, the tempo of the disease increases once hyperglycemia develops but studies have shown a 10 fold greater loss of insulin secretion after development of hyperglycemia compared to before diagnosis and analysis of changes in C-peptide secretion in the DCCT suggested that tight glycemic control was associated with reduced decline in β cell function [69], [70]. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.