The role of both DRB1* and DQB1* molecules in susceptibility and resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has recently been demonstrated in a HLA double transgenic mouse, thus reinforcing the idea that a synergism between DRB1* and DQB1* genes may contribute to MS predisposition [20]. The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.