The significant increase in CD45RA+FoxP3low T cells and CD45RA−FoxP3 low T cells, and identification of the distinct subpopulations of FoxP3+ cells by CD45RA in patients with active SLE will provide us with information on the functional status of CD4+FoxP3+ T cells during SLE development. The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.