Overall, levels of IL-1α mRNA were elevated within a group of 10 of our epilepsy patients with various combinations of APOE ε2, APOE ε3, or APOE ε4 alleles compared to levels in control patients (Figure 4A), although one patient with APOE ε4,4 genotype had mRNA levels that were not different from that of control patients (Figure 4B). The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is epilepsy.