GSTO2 and Alzheimer disease: GSTO1 and GSTO2, which are evolutionarily conserved genes[14], previously implicated in AD[5,6,9,11] and PD[5,16], have diverse attributed functions including antioxidant activity via generation of ascorbate (Vitamin C) [14,34,35]; biotransformation of inorganic arsenic[14,34]; modulation of ryanodine receptors and thus calcium release and apoptosis[36]; and post-translational processing of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β[15].