When EpCAM is overexpressed, some cancers such as stage I or II gastric cancer, stage II NSCLC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and stage II colon cancer show better survival while others such as node-positive breast cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, gall bladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, ampullary pancreas cancer, squamous cell cancer of the esophagus, and squamous cell head and neck cancer do worse. This evidence concerns the gene EPCAM and colonic neoplasm.