APP and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is characterized in by the presence of several kinds of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, which are mainly composed by the beta amyloid (Aβ), derived from the proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), and hyperphosphorylated tau [1].