Nonetheless, a recent phase II clinical trial with orally active olaparib in women with confirmed genetic BRCA1/2 mutations and recurrent measurable ovarian cancer has provided tangible proof of concept of the efficacy and tolerability of molecularly targeted treatment with PARP inhibitors, and validated BRCA1/2 mutations as biomarkers for predicting responses of ovarian cancer patients to PARP inhibition [142]. The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is ovarian cancer.