Among the growth factors and cytokines which may play a role in the development of the cholesteatoma disease, as well as in other hyperproliferative epithelial pathologies, KGF appears a key molecular effector (Kojima et al. 1996; Ishibashi et al. 1997; Yamamoto-Fukuda et al. 2003, 2010; Barbara et al. 2008; d’Alessandro et al. 2010) and a possible target or biomarker for therapeutic intervention (Yamamoto-Fukuda et al. 2008). This evidence concerns the gene FGF7 and cholesteatoma.