Since it is known that KGF promotes keratinocyte differentiation (Capone et al. 2000; Belleudi et al. 2011) and we have reported that in cholesteatoma tissue KGF up-modulation is associated with keratinocyte differentiation (d’Alessandro et al. 2010), to evaluate if the effects of the SNs on the expression of K1 could be ascribed to KGF, HaCaT cells were treated as above in the presence of SU5402, fixed and stained with anti-K1 antibodies (Fig. 5a, c). Here, KRT1 is linked to cholesteatoma.