TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Although monoclonal antibody-based biologic agents that inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), including etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab, have been licensed for clinical use in patients with RA [5], [6], approximately 40% of RA patients that have accepted those anti-TNFα antibodies are non-responders.