DNMT1 and neoplasm: Although CpG demethylation is the direct and immediate consequence of treatment with DNMT inhibitors (5-Aza-CR and 5-Aza-CdR) [19], the level of demethylation in tumor suppressor genes does not predict clinical outcome, which suggests that unknown biological processes link the demethylation effects of DNMT inhibitors to their clinical benefits [20].