These results could be at least partly explained by our experimental study where ALCAM expression was increased or silenced by stable transfection in breast cancer cell lines: In those cells, the consequences of high ALCAM expression were complex and included enhanced invasive potential (which might result in a more aggressive tumor growth) and increased apoptosis (which might lead to higher chemosensitivity and a better prognosis in chemotherapy-treated patients) [25]. This evidence concerns the gene ALCAM and breast carcinoma.