PNPLA3 expression was lower in the insulin-resistant compared to the insulin-sensitive group during hyperinsulinemia (p < 0.001 at 3 h and p < 0.001 at 6 h) and the expression was increased by insulin in both groups at 6 h time point and in the insulin-sensitive group already at 3 h time point (p < 0.001) (Figure 5D). Here, PNPLA3 is linked to Hyperinsulinemia.