The observation that expression of the wild-type AXIN1 gene by adenovirus mediated gene transfer induced apoptosis in HCC cells, which had accumulated β-catenin as a consequence of either APC, CTNNB1 or AXIN1 gene mutation, highlights the fact that axin may be an effective therapeutic molecule for suppressing HCC growth [116]. The gene discussed is CTNNB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.