The elevated levels of the indexes that correlate with the degree of insulin resistance such as the beta-cell function index (HOMA-β) or insulin level in 30th min, after 75 g glucose load, are met more often among obese women with BMI > 30 kg/m2, rather than in slim individuals, without coexisting hyperandrogenism or presence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound examination. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.