The chronic autoimmune reaction in type 1 diabetes is directed towards specific beta cell antigens, which include the beta cell surface proteins insulin, PTPRN (which is also known as insulinoma antigen 2 or IA-2) and zinc transporter 8 (also referred to as ZNT8 or SLC30A8) [69]. The gene discussed is SLC30A8; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.