SMUG1 and infection: This hypothesis is however controversial [3] as few studies support it [41] while several have demonstrated that the absence or inhibition of UNG2 and/or SMUG1 activity neither abrogates hA3G inhibition of infection nor rescues viral cDNA accumulation in infected cells, suggesting that these enzymes are not involved in hA3G restriction of viral replication [3], [29]–[31].