IL-6 (median 20 versus 795 pg/ml, P < 0.0001), IL-1β (median 165 versus 939 pg/ml, P = 0.014), and RANTES (median 15 versus 1823 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) were increased at 30 hours post infection in mice inoculated with pneumococcal meningitis as compared to saline inoculated mice. Here, IL1B is linked to infection.