PTPN6 and cancer: Because our concern involved interactions between cancer cells and carcinoma associated fibroblasts which could predispose cancer to metastasis, we specifically focused on the up-regulated genes involved in cell adhesion and cellular morphogenesis: QRICH2, CHAD, FOXQ1, PCSK6, CLEC7A, SH3BP1, NEFM, PCDH19, LPHN2, DSP, KTN1, VCAM1, MAG, and PTPN6 (Table 2).