COX-2 is an isoenzyme induced by various mitogens, cytokines, and growth factors that are associated with a range of processes including inflammation12 and carcinogenesis.13, 14 Various case-control studies have shown a reduction in risk of prostate cancer associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which include inhibition of COX-2 among their mode of action.15 The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is prostate cancer.