AKT1 and ischemia: To further investigate whether the PI3K/Akt pathway mediates the neuroprotection of CAR in cerebral I/R injury, we treated the mice with a PI3K inhibitor LY-294002 (i.c.v., 5 μl 10 mM LY-294002 dissolved in 3% DMSO) at 15 min before ischemia.