Using anti human POLR2E and SUMO-1 antibodies, de novo expression of human proteins with a nuclear and cytoplasmatic localization could be detected in tubules of mice with cisplatin-AKI treated with MVs but not in those untreated, indicating that specific mRNA shuttled by MVs can be translated into proteins in vivo (Figure 3). The gene discussed is SUMO1; the disease is acute kidney injury.