In the present study we compared the effect of a diabetes-protective GF diet to a diabetes-permissive gluten-containing STD diet, on proportions of selected T cell subsets associated with regulatory functions (γδ T cells, NKT cells and Foxp3+ T cells), as well as NK cells and proinflammatory Th17 cells, in fully immunocompetent BALB/c mice. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and diabetes mellitus.