Chronic heart failure (HF) is a disorder characterized by low-grade immune activation and inflammation, as evident by elevated circulating and myocardial levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL)-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and IL-8 [1]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and hydrops fetalis.