FAS and urinary bladder carcinoma: While the relationship between FLASH and Fas signaling has not been investigated, it has been shown that the stimulation of the Fas receptor also activates NF-kappa B in human bladder carcinoma T24 and Jurkat cells [35] and in SK-Hep1 hepatocellular carcinoma cells [36], so it is likely that FLASH has a comparable role in the Fas receptor signaling that would lead to suppression of apoptosis (Figure 1).