However, chemoprevention study with UA in prostate cancer model has not been carried out previously, and only our group has recently reported for the first time that UA enriched diet can indeed inhibit prostate tumor metastasis by modulating the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in TRAMP mice [19]; although the effect of UA on tumor development and progression was not evaluated. Here, CXCL12 is linked to prostate cancer.