BMP4 and tuberculosis: For example, microarray analysis of H1 cells after 3, 12, 24, 72 and 120 h treatment with 10 ng/ml BMP4 (GEO GSE10469) revealed immediate up-regulation of transcription factors associated with TB emergence, e.g. CDX2, ID2, LEF, EBF3, HAND1, DLX3 and 5, MSX2, GATA2 and 3, FOXF2, with no evidence for up-regulation of expression of lineage markers for mesoderm (WNT3A, BRACHYURY/T), endoderm (HOXB1, DPF3) and ectoderm (PAX6, ZIC1) over the time course of treatment (GEO GSE10469).